فصلنامه ادب پژوهی
پیاپی 1 (بهار 1386)

Persian, like any other language, is on the constant change. An aspect of this evolution is the change of initial, middle and final parts of words. In this article we deal with a rarely explained change that is the omission of the initial syllables of words. An example is /raxt/ instead of /deraxt/. The same process can be seen in the course of the evolution of Middle Persian to "Fārsi Dari", an instance of which being the change of /hašāgerd/ to /šāgerd.

This article is an attempt to indicate the relationship among critical discourse analysis, linguistic criticism and literary text studies. Interactional processes, apart from making use of media, political, social and philosophical studies, take benefit of the literary texts. Literature can be an appropriate setting to communicate ideology, therefore it is a critical device and should be analysed as such. Critical discourse analysts believe that producing, reading and analyzing a text depends on macro and micro contexts of socio- cultural situations. As a result the literary texts and literary analyses are the products of these particular contexts.

Since it was first used by Z. Harris as a theoretical framework for studying texts, Discourse Analysis has enlarged and deepened its instruments and methods. Translation studies, in turn, having realized the insufficiency of pure linguistic approaches, tried to take benefit of textual and discursive procedures. In this article we have founded on a perception of discourse analysis that takes the interpretive structure of the text as well as its communicative procedures, as some of the principles of analysis, trying to study the translation process through putting into practice these principles. Meanwhile, regarding the fact that one of the basic merits of discourse analysis is its going beyound the mere theoretical investigation in search of the necessary practical means and methods, we have tried to actualize the theoretical findings of the article in the translation of the first paragraph of a specific text.

Literature, for the reason of its nature as well as its broad domain, is in thematic correlation and symmetry with other areas of human science. This characteristic gives way to carrying out interdisciplinary researches such as psycho-literary studies. Tārikh-e Beyhaghi is one of the works of Persian literature, authentic because of the picture it draws of the figures of the Ghaznavid court. Boosahl Zoozani, as the most negative character, is studied here, for his "Inferiority Complex". The very existence of the traits such as vanity, jealousy, envy, hatred, ambition, vengeance, contradictory behaviors, dreadfulness, prudent flexibility, and instrumental use of religious beliefs, in Boosahl -- partly or totally diagnosed in those suffering from "Inferiority Complex"-- proves the hypothesis of this research.

In “The Great Code: The Bible and Literature”, Northrop Frye, the Canadian literary critic, studies the language, mythology, metaphor and typology of the Bible in two parts enjoying symmetric structures, as two mirrors facing one another. This study is in fact a literary criticism following a mythological approach. Frye believes that the Bible calls for a kind of “symbolic interpretation”, because although as a Holy Book and as far as its function and goal is concerned, it can not be taken as a work of literature, the Book possesses all the distinguishing features of a literary work and for the very reason has had a decisive influence on the literary works and trends.This article, besides giving a general review of Frye’s book, tries to examine the seven stages of Revelation—from Genesis to Apocalypse—on the basis of an analytic and critical reading.

Tāti Dialect of Khalkhāl is one of the Iranian North western dialects spoken in shāhrood and Xorsh-rostam districts of Khalkhāl. Since this dialect has various accents and variants, in this Paper, kajali accent form Xorsh-rostam, and lordi, karini, dәravi, kehali, gilvāni form Shāhrood are selected to be compared with respect to their ergative characteristics. In the article, at first nominative and accusative cases of nouns and pronouns are described, then, through various examples, the place of pronoun affixes in the construction of some sentences possessing ergative characteristics are indicated, and finally ergative case is described on the basis of its six different forms. Tāti Dialect of Khalkhāl is distinguished from other dialects producing ergative structures, because of the adherence of verb to semantic object, in number, person and specially in gender. Meanwhile, according to some evidence in this dialect, apart from past transitive verbs, some intransitive verbs are influenced by the ergative structure.

The Tāleshi prefixal verbs, because of the multiplicity of the prefixes, fulfil a wide range of functions. This very fact makes it possible for the Tāleshi speakers to express the various concepts and sentences by using the same verb. In different contexts, these prefixes give different meanings to the verbs.In this article, at first the Tāleshi prefixal verbs are classified through identifying their positions in several examples, then the different meanings of the prefixes in each group are examined. According to our classification, seven prefixes existed in Tāleshi. Of these, the majority have preserved their specific meanings. There are, however, some prefixes which have lost their original meanings.